Geomagnetic Activity Effects on CO ₂ ?Driven Trend in the Thermosphere and Ionosphere: Ideal Model Experiments With GAIA

We examine impacts of geomagnetic activity (GA) on CO2-driven trend in the ionosphere and thermosphere using Ground-to-topside Atmosphere Ionosphere model for Aeronomy whole atmosphere model. The reveals three salient features. (1) Geomagnetic activities usually weakens at a fixed altitude. Among IT parameters analyzed, mass density is most robust indicator CO2 cooling effect even with GA influences. (2) can either strengthen or weaken hmF2 NmF2, depending local time latitudes. This renders widely used linear fitting methods invalid removing effects from observations. (3) An interdependency exists between efficiency forcing forcing, former enhances lower level, while latter higher concentration. could imply that would accelerate periods declining GA, magnetic storms may have larger space weather future increasing CO2. These findings provide preliminary framework to understand interactions below above.